Jačanje sistema integrisanog upravljanja rizicima od katastrofa u Srbiji: DISARIMES: Strengthening integrated disaster risk management system in serbia: DISARIMES

Vladimir Cvetkovic

Authors

Vladimir Cvetkovic Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet bezbednosti, Gospodara Vučića 50, Beograd; Naučno-stručno društvo za upravljanje rizicima u vanrednim situacijama, Beograd; Međunarodni institut za istraživanje katastrofa, Beograd https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3450-0658

Keywords:

katastrofe, sistem, jačanje, projekat, integrisano upravljanje rizicima, Srbija

Abstract

Teritorija Srbije je osetljiva na različite vrste prirodnih opasnosti i rizik nije podjednak na celoj teritoriji; on varira u zavisnosti od vrste opasnosti i očekivanog potencijala štete. Seizmičke opasnosti, klizišta, odroni, poplave, bujične poplave, prekomerna erozija, suše i šumski požari su neke od značajnih prirodnih opasnosti na teritoriji Srbije; ovi prirodni procesi mogu direktno i indirektno da ugroze životnu sredinu, stanovništvo i materijalna dobra. Trenutno stanje zaštite od prirodnih katastrofa na teritoriji Srbije karakteriše nepotpunost i nedostupnost informacija o rizicima od mogućih prirodnih katastrofa, kao i o posledicama koje mogu da izazovu, uz nedovoljno „učešće javnosti“. Ističe se nedovoljni kapacitet lokalnih vlasti, profesionalnih službi i konsultanata za savremeni pristup upravljanju rizikom od katastrofe. Trenutnu situaciju karakteriše i nepostojanje jedinstvene baze podataka o prostornom rasporedu određenih prirodnih katastrofa, tj. određivanje potencijalno kritičnih zona (poplave, klizišta, bujice itd.). Stanje ukupnog sistema zaštite od prirodnih katastrofa na teritoriji Srbije nije zadovoljavajuće, posebno u odnosu na prostorne aspekte upravljanja rizikom. Uprkos stalnom porastu broja, učestalosti i intenziteta prirodnih katastrofa, Republika Srbija nije sprovela sveobuhvatnu naučnu studiju koja bi identifikovala slabosti i mogućnosti za unapređenje sistema upravljanja rizikom od katastrofa. S tim u vezi, glavni cilj projekta je „Jačanje integrisanog sistema upravljanja rizikom od katastrofa u Srbiji - DISARIMES“. Rezultati projekta omogućiće jačanje sistema upravljanja rizikom od katastrofa kroz istraživanje, razvoj i primenu inovativnih rešenja u fazama pripreme (edukacija i obučavanje lokalnog stanovništva itd.), ublažavanja, reagovanja, sanacije i nakon katastrofe. Naučni značaj planiranog istraživanja ogleda se u stvaranju mogućnosti za unapređenje teorijskog i empirijskog znanja u naučnoj oblasti upravljanja rizikom od katastrofa, ali i njihovoj primeni u praksi, imajući u vidu da je to relativno mlada naučna disciplina u Srbiji. Rezultati projektnog istraživanja olakšaće donosiocima odluka u Srbiji razumevanje nedostataka sistema, ali i pružiće inovativne mogućnosti za poboljšanje njihovog funkcionisanja u uslovima sve češćih i ozbiljnijih katastrofa. Osnivanjem naučnog i stručnog društva u oblasti upravljanja rizicima od katastrofa stvoriće se održivi i neophodni uslovi za prenos i unapređenje znanja i iskustava od značaja za podizanje nivoa operativnosti sistema zaštite i spasavanja Republike Srbije u slučaju katastrofe.

In the Republic of Serbia, no comprehensive scientific multimethod research has been conducted to identify weaknesses and opportunities for improving the disaster risk management system. Regarding that, in the paper, author presents project description ,,Strengthening Integrated Disaster Risk Management System in Serbia - DISARIMES” which shall enable strengthening the disaster risk management system through research, development and innovative solutions implementation in the preparation, mitigation, response, remediation and post-disaster phases. The scientific importance of the projected research is reflected in the creation of assumptions for the advancement of theoretical and empirical knowledge in the scientific field of disaster risk management, bearing in mind that it is a relatively young scientific discipline in Serbia. The results of the project research will make it easier for decision makers in Serbia to understand the shortcomings of the system, but also provide innovative opportunities to improve their functioning in conditions of increasingly frequent and serious disasters. Establishing a scientific and professional society in the field of disaster risk management will create sustainable and necessary conditions for the transfer and improvement of knowledge and experience of importance for raising the level of operability of the system of protection and rescue of the Republic of Serbia in the event of disasters. A key contribution of the research findings will be to create a sustainable knowledge base that will be supported by the relevant amount of information regarding innovative capabilities and solutions identified as necessary to raise social resilience to a much higher level. In order to achieve the set goals, DISARIMES makes it possible, through a large number of SWOT analyses and other multimethod studies, to clearly identify and systematize the objective deficiencies and barriers encountered by the disaster risk management system in Serbia in all its stages before, during and after disasters, to identify and implement the appropriate solutions based on this. The objectives of the project are: to assess and identify strengths (advantages), weaknesses (disadvantages), opportunities (innovation potential), and threats for the disaster risk management system in Serbia; to develop and update RDI (research, development, innovation) Roadmap – knowledge databases with innovative solutions and other relevant information for the improvement of the disaster risk management system; to fully deploy the DISARIMES scientific-professional network involving a broad range of the disaster risk management scientists and civil protection professions and organizations; to prepare the ground for the disaster risk management policy innovations.

Keywords: security, disaster, risk management, system, Serbia, research.

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