Uticaj pandemije COVID-19 na svetsku turističku industriju sa osvrtom na Republiku Srbiju

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the world tourism industry with reference to the Republic of Serbia

Abstract

Pandemija COVID-19 postala je globalno pitanje od marta 2019. godine. Ovaj rad ima za cilj prikaz uticaja pojave korona virusa na industriju turizma i ugostiteljstva u svetu, sa posebnim osvrtom na Republiku Srbiju. Tokom istraživanja uticaja, korišćeni su kvalitativno-kvantitativni, analitički i komparativni metod. Svi napori koje mnoštvo zemalja sveta masovno preduzima kako bi sprečili širenje virusa, poput socijalne distance, samoizolacije, zatvaranja granica i sličnih akcija, imali su veliki uticaj na nisku turističku potražnju u celom svetu. Azija i Pacifik zabeležili su pad dolazaka za 82% u periodu januar-oktobar 2020. Bliski Istok je zabeležio pad od 73%, dok je Afrika zabeležila pad od 69% u ovom desetomesečnom periodu. Međunarodni dolasci u Evropu i Ameriku opali su za 68%. Dolasci međunarodnih turista u Srbiju u periodu januar-oktobar 2020. godine opali su za 72% u odnosu na isti period 2019-te godine. U Republici Srbiji u decembru 2020. godine, u odnosu na decembar 2019. godine, broj dolazaka turista manji je za 67,1%, a broj noćenja manji je za 59,9%. U decembru 2020. godine, u odnosu na decembar 2019. godine, broj noćenja domaćih turista manji je za 46,7%, a broj noćenja stranih turista manji je za 75,6%. Mnogi stručnjaci predviđaju da će ova pandemija uzrokovati globalnu ekonomsku recesiju, ali je neminovno da je potrebno formulisati kratkoročne, srednjoročne i dugoročne planove kako bi se obezbedio što lakši i brži oporavak turističke industrije u celom svetu.

The COVID-19 pandemic has become a global issue since March 2019. This paper aims to present the impact of the coronavirus on the tourism industry and hospitality in the world, with particular reference to the Republic of Serbia. During the impact research, qualitative-quantitative, analytical and comparative methods were used. All the efforts that many countries in the world are making en masse to prevent the spread of the virus, such as social distance, self-isolation, border closures, and similar actions, have had a major impact on low tourist demand worldwide. Asia and the Pacific recorded an 82% decrease in arrivals between January and October 2020. The Middle East recorded a decline of 73%, while Africa recorded a decrease of 69% in these ten months. International arrivals in Europe and America are lower by 68%. Arrivals of international tourists in Serbia in the period January-October 2020 decreased by 72% compared to the same period in 2019. In the Republic of Serbia in December 2020, compared to December 2019, the number of tourist arrivals decreased by 67.1%, and the number of overnight stays decreased by 59.9%. In December 2020, compared to December 2019, the number of overnight stays of domestic tourists decreased by 46.7%, and the number of overnight stays of foreign tourists decreased by 75.6%. Many experts predict that this pandemic will cause a global economic recession, but short-term, medium-term, and long-term plans inevitably need to be formulated to ensure the easiest and fastest recovery of the tourism industry worldwide.

Key words: tourism, COVID-19, tourist demand, hospitality, economic recession